동서대학교 동서대학교 디자인대학
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아카이브학위논문전체(All)

학위논문 Theses and Dissertations

NO.M.2022.08_01

디자인씽킹 워크숍에서 초보 퍼실리테이터의 역할 및 지침 제안에 관한 연구 A Study on Roles and Guideline Suggestions for Novice Facilitators in Design Thinking Workshops

  • Name : 김은진/Kim, EunJin
  • Info : 석사학위논문/Master's thesis/ 2022.08
  • Adviser : 이용기/Lee, Yong-Ki
192.168.95.160

초록

현대 사회는 빠르게 변화하고 발전하면서 사람들에게 편의를 제공하고 있지만, 복잡한 문제를 직면하고 있는 사회가 되고 있다. 고령화, 환경파괴 등의 난제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 전문가와 시민이 참여하여 학제 간의 협업이 필요한 워크숍을 하고 있다. 복잡한 문제를 창의적이고 혁신적으로 해결하고자 다양한 이해관계자와의 협력은 필수적이다. 따라서 이러한 사회 문제를 해결하기 위해 협업하는 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 적용하고 있다. 이러한 워크숍의 효과는 참여자에게 디자인씽킹 프로세스를 안내할 수 있는 훈련된 전문가에 의해 워크숍 성공의 여부가 달려 있다. 워크숍 참여자의 공감, 창의성, 표현력을 증진하기 위해 디자인 퍼실리테이터는 다양한 역할과 목표를 완수해야 한다. 이러한 역할을 성공적으로 수행하려면 특히 경험이 부족한 초보 디자인 퍼실리테이터가 접근이 가능하도록 효과적인 교육을 받아야 한다. 그러나 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 주도하기 쉽게 사용할 수 있는 초보 디자인 퍼실리테이터를 위한 역할 및 지침, 원리를 설명하는 학술 문헌이 부족한 실정이다. 이에 초보 디자인 퍼실리테이터는 팀 활동이 요구되는 디자인 워크숍에서 사회 문제를 창의적으로 사회에 적용하기 위한 지침이 필요하다.
본 연구의 목적은 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해 초보 디자인 퍼실리테이터를 위한 핵심 역할을 도출하여 제안하고자 한다.
따라서 디자인 퍼실리테이터의 역할, 역량, 행동뿐만 아니라 디자인 퍼실리테이터의 실무적 제안모델을 제안하였다. 이러한 역할과 기준을 알고 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 진행한다면, 초보 퍼실리테이터가 효과적으로 워크숍 진행하는 데 도움이 될 것이다. 또한 퍼실리테이션 팀 구성원 간의 역할 분담은 한 사람이 모든 역할을 한 번에 수행하는 것보다 워크숍을 운영하는 데 따른 스트레스를 감소해 줄 것이다. 역할 분담하여 수행함으로써 경험이 부족한 퍼실리테이터의 전문성 부족에 대한 고민이 해결되어 초보자도 전문적으로 퍼실리테이션을 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
주요 연구단계는 1 )디자인 퍼실리테이션을 이해하고 퍼실리테이터의 책임을 결정하기 위한 학술 문헌 연구에 기반한 이론적 배경 연구, 2) 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 수행한 경험이 10년 이상인 전문가와 심층 인터뷰, 3) 디자인 스프린트 워크숍, 4) 시민 혁신 워크숍이다. 이러한 초기 프로세스의 결과로 기본 디자인 퍼실리테이션 기법을 발견하였다. 첫째, 디자인 워크숍 아이스브레킹 활동의 영향. 둘째, 디자인 워크숍 창의적 발상을 돕는 툴킷 사용 시 문제점. 셋째, 디자인 워크숍 유연한 역할 필요. 넷째, 디자인 워크숍 핵심 툴에 맞추어 진행이다. 마지막으로 가상 화이트보드(MIRO)에서 워크숍을 진행하여 전문가 인터뷰의 질문과 답변 내용을 어피니티 다이어그램으로 분석하였다. 이후 분석된 내용을 더블다이아몬드(Double Diamond Process) 4단계와 매칭하여 전문가의 역량과 행동이 발견되었다.
본 연구 결과는 6가지 역할은 인도자, 타임키퍼, 시각구현자, 촉진자, 격려자, 결단자이다. 이에 상응하는 6가지 역량은 기획력, 조정력, 표현력, 영감력, 공감력, 결단력이다. 퍼실리테이터의 4가지 행동은 지시, 지도, 지원, 위임을 제공하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 활동을 제안모델 프로세스를 제안하여 초보 퍼실리테이터의 고민을 해결하고자 한다.
본 연구는 초보 디자인 퍼실리테이터가 디자인씽킹 워크숍을 효과적으로 진행하여 참여자에게 디자인 활동의 가능성을 알리고 어려운 과제를 해결하는 데 보다 효과적인 디자인 퍼실리테이터가 되어 사회에 이바지할 수 있기를 기대한다.

摘要

Abstract

Modern society is evolving and changing at a rapid pace. Despite the fact that contemporary civilization is progressing and providing people with comfort, it is also becoming a society plagued with complex issues. Various professionals and citizens participate in and hold workshops that require interdisciplinary teamwork to solve these difficulties, such as aging and environmental degradation. Collaboration with a variety of people is required to solve complex challenges in an innovative way.
The involvement of experienced specialists who can guide participants through the design thinking process is critical to the success of such workshops. Facilitators must fulfill a range of responsibilities and aims in order to promote empathy, creativity, and expression among workshop participants. Inexperienced facilitators, in particular, require accessible and effective training to succeed in these roles.
However, academic literature detailing roles or guiding principles for novice facilitators that can be applied to design thinking workshops is limited. As a result, novice design facilitators require a simple guideline for creatively applying social challenges to society in a design workshop that requires teamwork. As a result, the purpose of this research was to identify and recommend critical roles for novice design facilitators in order to efficiently execute design thinking workshops.
As a result, we propose that the theoretical concept of design facilitation, as well as the role, competency, and behavior of the design facilitator, be clarified. Knowing these key roles and requirements can help novice design thinking workshop facilitators be more productive. Furthermore, as opposed to having one individual take on all duties at once, distributing roles among members of a facilitation team lessens the burden of running a design thinking workshop. Issues concerning inexperienced facilitators' lack of professionalism are alleviated by dividing and working within a facilitator team, allowing even novices to facilitate properly.
The major study steps were 1) a theoretical background study based on academic literature research to understand design facilitation and determine the essential facilitator responsibilities, 2) in-depth interviews with experts with more than 10 years of experience running design thinking workshops, 3) a Citizen Innovation Workshop, and 4) a Design Sprint Workshop. Basic design facilitation guides were created as a result of this initial process. First, ice-breaking to prepare a mindset, second, effectively employing a toolkit to aid creative ideas, third, reacting flexibly and in real-time to the current design workshop, and fourth, performing the design workshop according to the core design process phases. Finally, utilizing affinity diagrams, an analytic workshop was organized on a virtual whiteboard (MIRO) to assess the expert interview questions and answers. The findings of the content analysis were then mapped to the four steps of the "Double Diamond Process" (DDP).
Navigator, Timekeeper, Visualizer, Provoker, Encourager, and Decision Maker are the six roles that result. Planning, coordination, expressiveness, inspiration, empathy, and determination are the six corresponding competencies. Directing, coaching, supporting, and delegating were identified as the four facilitator actions. The purpose of this research is to help novice design facilitators conduct design thinking workshops more effectively in order to educate participants about the possibilities of design activities and to contribute to society by becoming better design facilitators in solving challenging situations.

키워드

  • #디자인 퍼실리테이션
  • # 디자인 퍼실리테이션 지침
  • # 디자인 퍼실리테이터의 역할
  • # 디자인씽킹 워크숍
  • # 참여 디자인


  • #Design Facilitation
  • # Design Facilitation Guidelines
  • # Role of Design Facilitator
  • # Design Thinking Workshop
  • # Participatory Design

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