Abstract

Background This study analyzes the characteristics and expressions of smart materials and the characteristics of interaction design based on cases of architecture and space design where smart materials are applied. It aims to provide basic data for exploring practical application of smart materials and space design strategies.

Methods Firstly, theoretical backgrounds related to smart materials and interaction design were explored to set the criteria for analysis. Next, cases of architectural and spatial design with smart materials were analyzed to identify the characteristics of each case and the elements of interaction design. Finally, through the analysis of interaction design characteristics based on smart materials, the applicability to architecture and interior space was evaluated.

Results In spaces design cases with smart materials, primarily expressive and functional characteristics of material interaction were observed. It was found that these characteristics could enhance user experience through form changes and functional control in response to environmental changes. Additionally, smart materials interact with environmental factors to improve indoor ambiance, promote communication and energy efficiency, effectively control the built environment, and create dynamic exhibition experiences, thereby contributing to a sustainable architectural and indoor environment.

Conclusion Considering the utilization of smart materials based on the research results, smart materials can control the context and situation of space through functional and expressive characteristics and enhance the user’s experience mainly through visual effects. Smart materials are expected to serve as an alternative means to realize new design strategies and concepts such as smart green architecture and carbon neutrality in the future.

Keywords Smart Materials, Interaction Design, Interactive Connected Smart (ICS) Materials